A Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. This process involves inserting, deleting, or modifying the genetic material of an organism in order to introduce new traits or characteristics that wouldn't naturally occur in nature. GMOs are often used in food production to increase crop yields or improve the nutritional value of certain foods. These organisms can also be used in the medical field to create new treatments and therapies for diseases.